Science Homework Help

I will tip more if all the questions are correct.

1 Earthquakes originate from the _______.

fault scarp

all of the above

focus

epicenter

2 Deep-focus earthquakes occur in subduction zones because

Group of answer choices

brittle lithosphere is carried to deeper depths in subduction zones.

subduction zones represent particularly homogeneous regions of the earth’s crust.

seismic energy propagates toward the center of the earth under subduction zones.

the mantle is less dense under subduction zones.

3 Which of the following is true of elastic deformation?

Group of answer choices

It is recoverable and proportional to the amount of stress applied

Rocks are not able to undergo elastic deformation

It is non-recoverable and results from small increases in stress

It only occurs in the asthenosphere

4 Which seismic waves travel only along the Earth’s exterior?

Group of answer choices

surface waves

S-waves

P-waves

all of the above

5 If you were building a home in San Francisco, on what type of geologic material would you build in order to minimize potential earthquake damage?

Group of answer choices

stream deposits

bay mud

bedrock

sand and gravel

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The time elapsed between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves at a seismograph is in indication of the __________.

Group of answer choices

intensity

magnitude

distance between the epicenter and the seismograph

amount of ground motion

Flag question: Question 7Question 72 pts

The most damaging by-product of a submarine earthquake is _______________.

Group of answer choices

ground rupture

landsliding

ground subsidence

a tsunami

Flag question: Question 8Question 82 pts

What type of faults will form at divergent plate boundaries?

Group of answer choices

Normal

Thrust

Strike-slip faults

Reverse

Flag question: Question 9Question 92 pts

Slow, gradual slip along a fault is termed _______.

Group of answer choices

creep.

stress.

rebound.

focus.

Flag question: Question 10Question 102 pts

All of the following have been recognized as earthquake precursors except which?

Group of answer choices

changes in the levels of well water

changes in the ground’s surface tilt.

changes in frequency of seismic sea waves.

changes in gas content in the ground

Flag question: Question 11Question 112 pts

Which of the following is true of the magnitude of an earthquake?

Group of answer choices

It is based on the maximum amplitude recorded on a seismograph station

It is typically reported using the Richter Scale

It is a measure of how you experience the earthquake

It decreases with distance from the epicenter

Flag question: Question 12Question 122 pts

In 1989 as in 1906, earthquake damage in San Francisco was most severe in areas underlain by fill, as in the Marina district.

Group of answer choices

FALSE

TRUE

Flag question: Question 13Question 132 pts

A seismic gap can be described as __________.

Group of answer choices

a section of a fault that is undergoing creep

not of much concern because it is seismically quiet.

a locked section of fault and therefore accumulating stress.

not very dangerous because it only slips a few meters at a time.

Flag question: Question 14Question 142 pts

What determines the magnitude of an earthquake?

Group of answer choices

the type of plate boundary where it occurs

the depth of the focus

the amount of ground displacement (shaking) near the epicenter

the amount of damage

Flag question: Question 15Question 152 pts

Ground shaking in areas with very wet ground can cause _______.

Group of answer choices

liquefaction.

p waves.

tsunami.

aftershocks.

Flag question: Question 16Question 162 pts

The first seismic wave to arrive at a seismograph station is a _________-.

Group of answer choices

tsunami

S-wave

surface waves

P-wave

Flag question: Question 17Question 172 pts

Which of the following is not true of seismic waves?

Group of answer choices

They travel across the surface of the earth

They are generated at the epicenter of an earthquake

They are generated at the focus of an earthquake

They are waves of energy

They travel through the earth

Flag question: Question 18Question 182 pts

What type of fault is shown in the diagram below?

Group of answer choices

Left-lateral Strike-slip

Normal

Reverse

Right-Lateral Strike-Slip

Flag question: Question 19Question 192 pts

According to the elastic rebound theory, after an earthquake, rocks snap back elastically to their pre-stress condition.

Group of answer choices

TRUE

FALSE

Flag question: Question 20Question 202 pts

A meander that is cut off to become completely isolated from the main channel, but which retains water, is a(n) ____________.

Group of answer choices

meander neck

abandoned meander

oxbow lake

cut bank

Flag question: Question 21Question 212 pts

The capacity of a stream is a measure of the _______.

Group of answer choices

largest sediment in transport by the stream

sinuosity of the channel

gradient of the channel

amount of load a stream can transport

Flag question: Question 22Question 222 pts

Lateral erosion by meandering streams occurs where?

Group of answer choices

all of the answers are correct

on the outside bank of the meander

on the channel bottom where it is deepest

on the inside bank of the meander

Flag question: Question 23Question 232 pts

Surface geologic processes are mainly driven by which of the following?

Group of answer choices

gravity and suns heat

heat from the core

plate tectonics

wind

Flag question: Question 24Question 242 pts

The flat-lying area surrounding a river channel is termed the ____________.

Group of answer choices

flood plain

point bar

gradient

base level

Flag question: Question 25Question 252 pts

The stage of a stream is the __________.

Group of answer choices

elevation of the stream surface.

valley bottom of the stream.

size of the drainage basin.

velocity of water in the channel.

Flag question: Question 26Question 262 pts

In a stream channel, water flow velocity multiplied by channel cross-sectional area is

Group of answer choices

suspended load

friction

gradient

discharge

Flag question: Question 27Question 272 pts

Flood plains result from which of the following?

Group of answer choices

sediment deposition by floods

all of the above

meander migration

lateral erosion

Flag question: Question 28Question 282 pts

The outer edge of a meander, where material is being eroded, is a(n) ____________.

Group of answer choices

point bar

cut bank

channel

oxbow

Flag question: Question 29Question 292 pts

A flash flood _________.

Group of answer choices

is most common in large drainage basins

is an upstream flood with rapid rise in stage

occurs in highly-vegetated terrain

results from prolonged moderate rainfall

Flag question: Question 30Question 302 pts

Which of the following are processes in the hydrologic cycle?

Group of answer choices

All of these answers are correct

precipitation

infiltration

surface runoff

evaporation

Flag question: Question 31Question 312 pts

An upstream flood affects

Group of answer choices

regions with steep stream gradients

a large region near the headwaters

a small, local area

streamflow very gradually

Flag question: Question 32Question 322 pts

Sediment deposited in still water (such as lake or ocean) at the mouth of a river forms a(n)

Group of answer choices

terrace

floodplain

alluvial fan

delta

Flag question: Question 33Question 332 pts

Which type of volcano can be expected to erupt explosively?

Group of answer choices

fissure basalt eruption

composite volcano

mid-ocean ridge

shield

Flag question: Question 34Question 342 pts

Shield volcanoes are made of which of the following?

Group of answer choices

high viscosity lava

low viscosity lava

rhyolite lava

much explosive activity

Flag question: Question 35Question 352 pts

Volcanic ash and gases are warm; therefore, when large quantities of these are put into the air, the atmosphere warms up worldwide.

Group of answer choices

FALSE

TRUE

Flag question: Question 36Question 362 pts

A hot, rapidly moving cloud of gas and ash produced by a volcanic eruption is known as a

Group of answer choices

lahar.

rhyolite.

pyroclastic flow

composite flow.

Flag question: Question 37Question 372 pts

Which of the following volcanoes is least likely to erupt violently and explosively?

Group of answer choices

Mount Augustine in the Aleutians

Mt. Pinatubo in the Philippines

Mount St. Helens in the Cascades

Kilauea on Hawaii

Flag question: Question 38Question 382 pts

Cinder cones have what type of eruptions?

Group of answer choices

explosive eruptions

All of these answers are correct

non-explosive eruptions

rhyolite lava flows

Flag question: Question 39Question 392 pts

Mount St. Helens and the related Cascade Range volcanoes represent the only volcanically active areas in the United States.

Group of answer choices

FALSE

TRUE

Flag question: Question 40Question 402 pts

Most stratovolcanoes are located at which plate boundary?

Group of answer choices

divergent

subduction zone

transform

collisional

Flag question: Question 41Question 412 pts

Most damage when a composite volcano erupts results from which of the following?

Group of answer choices

pyroclastic flows and lahars in valleys

fast-moving lava flows

extensive lava flows

blowdown by the blast (shock wave)

Flag question: Question 42Question 422 pts

What is the “problem gas” that resulted in tree-kill and other health concern around Mammoth Lakes, CA?

Group of answer choices

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Water vapor

Flag question: Question 43Question 432 pts

A very symmetric volcanic structure built of pyroclastics is a __________.

Group of answer choices

cinder cone.

nuée ardente.

volcanic dome.

shield volcano.

Flag question: Question 44Question 442 pts

Magma at a subduction zone is generated by which process?

Group of answer choices

Anomalous mantle plumes

Addition of water into mantle rock

A decrease in pressure in mantle rock

an increase in temperature as ocean floor sinks

Flag question: Question 45Question 452 pts

A volcano built of many thin flows of fluid lava is a

Group of answer choices

cinder cone.

subduction-zone volcano.

volcanic dome.

shield volcano.

Question 462 pts

Which volcanic gas may be responsible for lowering average global temperatures following the Mt. Pinatubo or Tambora, Indonesia volcanic eruption?

Group of answer choices

Water vapor

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Sulfur dioxide (SO2)

Question 472 pts

Possible precursors of volcanic eruptions include _________.

Group of answer choices

bulging, tilt, or uplift of the volcano’s surface.

all of the choices are correct

changes in composition of gases escaping from the volcano.

increased seismic activity.

Question 482 pts

The type of volcano most likely to form over an oceanic “hot spot” is a

Group of answer choices

volcanic dome.

composite volcano.

shield volcano.

stratovolcano.

Question 49 2 pts

Krakatoa volcano in Indonesia erupted in 1889 completely destroying the volcano. This was an example of what type of eruption?

Group of answer choices

Plinian

Strombolian

Phreatic

Effusive

Question 502 pts

Magma with the greatest capacity for trapping gases is _______.

Group of answer choices

intermediate

ultramafic

mafic

felsic (silicic)