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Some criminal justice students have questioned the need to learn about criminological theory because it is not related to the real world, or at least the field of criminal justice. Many students and professionals believe that the fast pace of policing neighborhoods and the practice of investigation is a science of practicality, not of theory.

In an essay of 3–4 pages, discuss at least 3 policies on the left-hand side below, and discuss which of the theories on the right-hand side might have influenced these policies. The policies and theories are not listed in any particular order, and any policy could be related to any of the theories on the list. You may also use other polices not listed, as long as you relate these policies to the ideas found in the Theories column. As you answer each question, you must provide support or evidence that will enhance and empirically prove your answers. Academic criminal justice articles or real-life criminal justice findings that are found in journals or other academic sources must be used in supporting your answers. Please use APA format for all cited sources, including your reference page.

Additionally, be sure to follow these directions:

Dedicate about 1 page to the analysis of each policy.

Policies should only be described briefly, with most of the discussion concerning the theoretical underpinnings of the policy.

You should discuss the main objectives of the policy and how these objectives are related to criminological theory. If possible, you should discuss the historical contexts of the policies and the theoretical ideas that led to their creation.

PoliciesTheories

Midnight basketball programsDifferential association theory

Police athletic leaguesSocial control theory

Weed and seed programsNeutralization theory

Diversion programs (drug courts, etc.)Strain theory

Expunging of recordsLabeling theory

Graffiti reduction programsThe classical school of criminology

Neighborhood watch programsSocial disorganization theory

D.A.R.E.Windows theory

Prison rehabilitation programsRoutine activities theory

Three-strikes laws

The death penalty