Science Homework Help

Read each paragraph and give me your opinion if you agree or disagree with it

1.

A black hole is the result of a star at the end stages of its life. Because of the strong gravitational pull nothing can escape it. The area of the black hole where nothing can escape it called the event horizon. According to the article What Are Black Holes?From the NASA.gov there are three kinds of black holes. The primordial black hole that formed after the Big Bang are range is size of an atom to as big a mountain. Then there is the stellar black holes and they are from when a massive star collapses into itself and the last one called the supermassive black hole which formed when the galaxy, they are in started and are the size of the size of the galaxy it is in (NASA, 2003).

The movie Interstellar is about a man who in an attempt to find life on a different planet goes through a black hole and finds another planet while there he experiences time dilation, according to the article The Science of ‘Interstellar’: Black Holes, Wormholes and Space Travel for every hour spend to the this new planet seven years goes by on Earth (Wall, 2004). Could time dilation occur in real life according to the same article The Science of ‘Interstellar’: Black Holes, Wormholes and Space Travel yes but not as dramatic.

2.

According to (Flint W., 2018) a black hole is a place where gravity pulls so much that even light can not get out and it is strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space which usually happens when a star is dying. The black holes cannot be seen for they are invisible and can be seen with a space telescope which has a special tool. According to (Flint W., 2018) the nearest black hole is a distance of several thousand light years and as Saturn is near to Earth it will not get that close. And because no black hole is not close enough to the solar system, even if the the black hole is the same mass as the sun Earth will still not fall. According to (Flint W., 2018) even if the black hole has the same gravity as the Sun, Earth and other planets would orbit the black hole as they orbit the sun.

I do think time dilation can take place on exoplanet because some the world orbiting of other stars is exoplanet. According to (GreiciusB., 2018) every star plays a host to at least one planet, they orbit the stars so tightly that a “year” lasts only a few days; and can orbit two suns at the same time. Some of the exoplanets are sunless rogues which wonder in the galaxy in permanent darkness.

The movie interstellar is just an imagination and fiction nothing has been proved yet to function as in the movie, most often such movies are the imagination of what things could look like if it happened to be at that stage or era in time.

3.

As Crosby, Stills Nash once harmonized in their cover of Joni Mitchell’s Woodstock “We are stardust, we are golden, we are billion year old carbon.” While beautifully poetic in its imagery and the amazing sound of their 3 voices, this idea is also relevant in its simple yet powerful accuracy as our entire ecosystem is carbon based. On a smaller scale on our own planet we see that all things are part of a greater cycle of life that feeds and preserves conditions and genes needed to create a new generation or make the needed evolutionary adaptations to continue the line. This sentiment also exists on a cosmic or celestial level as our texts tells us that all matter that supports this system was born of a supernovae explosion, or a recycling of matter needed to propagate on a much larger level. The oxygen, nitrogen, magnesium and iron that also make up not only human but plant and animal life also that are part of the greater food chain also derived originally from these explosions adding greater creditability to the belief that we and everything else on Earth are literally made up of star stuff as Carl Sagan put it.

4

• Explain what the term “star stuff” means to you.

Star stuff to me means that everything in the universe is connected by organic particles that comes from our stars. Due to science stating that these organics can be found throughout space due to the stars, where we also know everything is born, including our planets and the life forms that have taken place throughout time, to me is confirming that we are truly made of “star stuff”. Without sounding too out there, to me it makes much more sense that particles formed a life form that everything evolved from, further evolving into the life we witness with our eyes.

• Describe what it tells us about the origin of atoms in our bodies and in the world.

The proof of origins in atoms starts in the Big Bang. We have radiation that fills universe that comes from the Big Bang. Scientist can see the temperature at various stages throughout the evolution of the universe. From the quark-gluon plasma to the present state. Quarks and electrons only had a fleeting existence as plasma before the annihilation removed them almost as fast as they were created. As the universe cooled, the quarks shrunk into nucleons. The process is similar to the way steam condenses to liquid droplets as water vapor cools. The universe continued to expand and cool allowing neutrons and some of the protons to fuse to helium nuclei. The abundance of hydrogen and helium in our universe today comes from that condensation. The 2% of other particles or nuclei more massive than helium that is present in the universe today that were created later in stars (Origins of the Elements, 2000).

• Describe how stellar explosions feed the universe with atoms and molecules that are necessary for life.

Stellar Explosions are the basic building blocks of galaxies. They play a pivotal role in the evolution of the structure in the universe. It also is the nucleosynthesis of most elements and the formation of compact objects, such as white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes. The fundamental tools for measuring the early conditions and expansions of the universe over the cosmic time. Which measures the type of Ia SNe and Gamma-Ray bursts (Modjaz, 2013). Hubble sent an image of the galaxy NGC 6984 where astrophysics studied the explosions of two supernovas that happened in 2012. One supernova names SN2012im is known as a Type Ic supernova while the other one, SN2013ek is a Type lb. Both are caused by the core collapsing in massive stars that have shed or lost their outer layer of hydrogen. Type Ic supernovae are thought to have lost more of their outer envelope than a Type lb, which would include the layer of helium (Hille, 2017).

• • Describe some of the compounds in the human body that would not be possible without these larger atoms.

There are 92 elements that occur naturally here on Earth. Only 11 of these elements are found in larger trace quantities in living things. As humans we have two additional elements that occur in the larger than trace amount. Those elements are Iodine and Iron. In addition to that, the human body is made up of 50-70% H20. The following elements make up the human body, 65.0% Oxygen, 18.5% Carbon, 9.5% Hydrogen, 3.2% Nitrogen, 1.5% Calcium, 1.0, Phosphorus, 0.4% Potassium, 0.2 Sodium, 0.1 Magnesium, and 0.04 Sulfur. Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen make up 96.2% of our body weight. Other elements that exists but at 0.01% are, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Fluorine, Iodine, Iron, Manganese, Molybdenum, Selenium, Silicon, Tin, Vanadium and Zinc (Dr. Biology, 2009).