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This individual assignment helps you reflect on your Learning Team activity. Use the same topic and position to complete this assignment.

Summarize the decision-making model you employed and the process used to arrive at your position.

Review the following resources  if you need additional information about ethical decision-making models:

• “An Integrated Ethical Decision-Making Model for Nurses”
• Nursing Ethics in Everyday Practice: A Step-By-Step Guide, Ch. 2: Ethical Decision-Making

Summarize and explain each person’s position and evidence.

Explain how seeing the positions and evidence of others changed or reinforced your position.

team discussion for assignment

5 hours ago, at 5:16 PM

Thank you team for sharing your opinion on the topic. We did have some agreement and disagreement on few things. End of life is not easy to talk about and not everyone will agree on it the same way. We are nurses and our goal is to assist the patients to the better. There is time that we won’t be able to help the patient and that’s when we need to take patient wishes into consideration. In taking the position of sick patient on the topic, euthanasia and assisted suicide would be something I would probably consider to do. Knowing that I would live in pain and misery every day with no way out, who wants that life. Live every day and see my love one suffer by my side, would be difficult to see. At time, keep happy memory is best for all. According to Ganzini (2016), patient consider assisted suicide because he or she can still maintain independence and control, minimize dependence on others, and die at home. Furthermore the desire for independence and control represent lifelong values and characteristics, not transient, illness-based perspectives.

Reference

GANZINI, L. (2016). Legalised Physician-Assisted Death in Oregon. Queensland University of Technology Law Review, 16(1), 76–83. https://doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v16i1.623

Reply

5 hours ago, at 4:33 PM

The topic chosen by the team is euthanasia and assisted suicide, what does it mean? According to Brazier (2018), euthanasia and assisted suicide refer to deliberate action taken with the intension of ending a life, in order to relieve persistent suffering. It is a bioethical issue that we are all facing with. Everyone has different perception of it. Euthanasia has always been a controversial and emotive topic for people to talk about. It is never easy to talk about end of life, especially for family member of the sick person. Assisted suicide is another person assisting someone with self-killing. As indicated in Wikipedia the free encyclopedia, different countries have different euthanasia laws.

Many years ago, euthanasia meant that the physician is preparing patient for a peaceful death by attempting to relieve the psychologic distress accompanying the dying process. The request of euthanasia was more concerned with psychological distress more than physical suffering. Lethal chemical was discovered and used in assisting the dying patient.

“A discussion about the legalization of euthanasia and assisted suicide raises questions not easily answered without thoughtful consideration of one’s own values and the values of society”. (Terry, 1995, p. 190). Many argued about the topic. The people need to focus on two moral theories- utilitarianism and deontology- by using elements to suit their purposes. When it comes to euthanasia, it can be voluntary, non-voluntary, involuntary, passive, or active. In order to follow euthanasia and assisted suicide, a consent has to be agreed upon first.

Not every physicians acknowledge euthanasia and assisted suicide. Many laws and rules have to be followed when it comes to it. In some country, laws are allowing physicians to assist terminal patients who are not expected to survive more than 6 months. When it comes to make such decision, it is not easy for anyone. One question that will always bother a person is “did I make the right decision regarding the person’s life”.

References

Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Brazier, Y. (2018). What are Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide? Medical News Today from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/182951

Peter B. Terry, M.D. (1995). Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. From DOI:https://doi.org/10.4065/70.2.189

Reply

21 hours ago, at 12:25 AMNEW

Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide

Euthanasia and assisted suicide are the processes in which human life is stopped by some means because of an unbearable or incurable illness (Mihaila, 2019). It has been a controversial topic in the United States and other countries for decades (Emanuel et al., 2016). It has been difficult for healthcare to accept in assisting in ending a patient’s life because the healthcare professions are intended to heal, promote life, and provide positive outcomes (Mihaila, 2019). However, every patient has the right to personal decisions, and it is ethical for healthcare professionals to respect and fulfill the patient’s wish (Mihaila, 2019). The patients diagnosed with an incurable illness should not have to suffer and feel ashamed that they are a burden to their families because of their disabilities caused by the disease (Gamondi, 2019). Therefore, euthanasia and assisted suicide should be made legal for patients who have a terminal illness and/or are close to dying. The implementation of the California Natural Death Act grant the patient the ability to write a living will that allow the patient to denied treatment to prolonging life when the end was near; it protected the physician who takes part in the practices, allowing them to fulfill the patient’s wishes (Mihaila, 2019). There are guidelines that healthcare professionals follow to ensure that the patient meets the criteria to consent to the used of euthanasia or assisted suicide, and healthcare providers do not abuse these practices. A psychiatric evaluation is also done to assess the patient’s mental health to make sure the patient’s decisions are not motivated by depression and their incapability to participating and enjoying daily activities (Emanuel et al., 2016). In the US, the number of cases that utilize euthanasia or assisted suicide is mainly seen in oncology patients and not due to pain (Mihaila, 2019). A literature systematic reviews research study was conducted and concluded that the patient’s family considered assisted dying by a relative was to be a personal right and a principle to be respected (Gamondi, 2019). Families in Oregon also revealed that they felt at peace after accepting the patient’s preference and being involved in the choice (Gamondi, 2019).

References

Emanuel, E. J., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. D., Urwin, J. W., & Cohen, J. (2016). Attitudes and

practices of euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide in the united states, canada, and

europe. JAMA, 316(1), 79–90.

https://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=4&sid=0ccb0a76-c228-4719-

9a91-4749401cbb28%40sdc-v-sessmgr01

Gamondi, C., Fusi-Schmidhauser, T., Oriani, A., Payne, S., & Preston, N. (2019). Family

members’ experiences of assisted dying: A systematic literature review with thematic

synthesis. Palliative Medicine, 33(8), 1091–1105.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0269216319857630

Mihaila, C.O. (2019). The right to “good death” – a new right alongside the right to life? Fiat

Iustitia, 1, 168–181.

https://eds.a.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=0ccb0a76-c228-4719-9a91-

4749401cbb28%40sdc-v-

sessmgr01&bdata=JkF1dGhUeXBlPXNoaWImc2l0ZT1lZHMtbGl2ZSZzY29wZT1zaX

Rl#AN=139132509&db=lgs

Reply

7/1/21, 11:00 AM

Euthanasia and assisted suicide should be made legal for patients who have a terminal illness and/or are close to dying. The concern for this issue is the continuation of suffrage until the imminent end of life. Morals are put to the challenge under this topic and it is difficult for most to accept in assisting to end a patient’s life because the healthcare field is designed to heal, promote life, and provide positive outcomes. But what if it is terminal and incurable? What is designed of the healthcare field in healing, promoting life, and providing a positive outcome no longer stays true in that case. According to Hamric et al (2018), the most common reasons for hastened death are concerns for the loss of autonomy, incapacity to make decisions for themselves, and loss of dignity (p. 53). Hamric et al (2018) also adds on to say that patients feel guilty because they feel that they are a burden to family in anticipation for being dependent (p. 53). The common theme that is shared with all of these concerns is the loss of control of a patient. Respecting a patient’s choice and maintaining their right to autonomy are a nurse’s responsibility (Hamric et al, 2018, p. 74).

References:

Hamric, A. B., Schwarz, J. K., Cohen, L., & Mahon, M. (2018). Assisted suicide/aid in dying: What is the nurse’s role? American Journal of Nursing, 118(5), p. 50-59. Retrieved from: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.NAJ.0000532831.78142.40

Reply | Show Replies (1)

7/1/21, 10:45 AM

Hello team I want to share my opinion regarding the topic. I completely disagree with the stance that Euthanasia and assisted suicide should be practiced in healthcare facilities. Euthanasia involves the healthcare provider assisting the patients who have been suffering from certain disease conditions by deliberately ending their lives. It is thought to be an appropriate clinical practice by some individuals since it alleviates pain and suffering from a certain disease (Mangino et al., 2020). I disagree with the practice since it is never correct to take someone’s life even when they agree to. The action is against the laws in many nations and proprietors can face a jail sentence. However, in some states of America, the law varies (Luzon, 2019). The laws state that a physician can end an individual’s life via a painless method provided the patients and their loved ones agree.

The doctor should not take anyone’s life since it is not always guaranteed that the patient cannot recover from the sufferings of the disease. Sometimes if given some time the patient might recover and resume productive life in society. However, even if the patient cannot recover from the suffering caused by a health condition, I do not think deliberate clinical practice is right to be done to end the individual’s life. For some religious communities, the practice is forbidden since it is the work of the Supreme Being to take someone’s life and not the other person. It is not a practice that should be legalized since the patients have high possibilities to make wrong decisions that are not from their rational thinking even though it is voluntary.

Luzon, G. (2019). The practice of euthanasia and assisted suicide meets the concept of legalization. Criminal Law and Philosophy, 13(2), 329-345.

Mangino, D. R., Nicolini, M. E., De Vries, R. G., & Kim, S. Y. (2020). Euthanasia and assisted suicide of persons with dementia in the Netherlands. The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 28(4), 466-477.